Janka Hardness Scale

The Janka Hardness Scale is determined by a controlled test, performed to measure the force necessary to embed a .444 inch (11.28mm) steel ball to half its diameter in wood.  The resulting data is expressed in pounds-force, or lbf.  This industry standard assessment is designed to gauge the various wood species hardness, determine its suitability as flooring, and illustrate its tolerance to normal wear, tear and dents.

The Janka hardness scale is also an excellent indicator of the effort required to drive a nail through a particular type of wood.  In essence, the higher the number on the scale, the harder the wood.

When selecting hardwood floors, consider your home or office layout and traffic patterns.  If you have children or animals, very soft wood like pine may not be desirable.  All wood species below Red Oak on the Janka scale are expected to dent or wear more easily, but offer warmth and charm as they age.  Extremely dense and exotic woods, however, are reputed for being exceptionally hard.  While these species may offer benefits in high-traffic homes and offices, they can be challenging to install or require temperature controlled environments.

Photo Credits
Janka Hardness Test – Wiki Images